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Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities in Brazil: Transcultural Dialogues for Environmental Justice

The lecture series coordinated by Dr. Bruno Tarin and co-organized by Dr. Laila Sandroni, in collaboration with the Behner Stiefel Center for Brazilian Studies at San Diego State University, aims to establish a US-Brazil platform for collaborative learning by integrating academic knowledge, public policy, and the perspectives of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities. The series prioritizes diversity awareness and self-reflexivity over the professional monopoly of knowledge centered solely within universities. By adopting a transdisciplinary approach, it fosters transcultural spaces where diverse perspectives intersect, enriching environmental discourse through insights from Brazilian grassroots movements. Grounded in the principle that environmental justice movements serve as “living labs” for addressing climate change and biodiversity crises, the series seeks to inspire innovative pathways for research and policy development.

Food Sovereignty and Agrarian Territorial Development in Brazil
Indigenous Movements of Southern Bahia, Brazil
The Territorial Struggle for the Conservation of the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil

Past Events

Food Sovereignty and Agrarian Territorial Development in Brazil

LECTURES: Ana Terra and Josiane dos Santos

The first lecture of the series is entitled ‘Food Sovereignty and Agrarian Territorial Development in Brazil’ featuring Ana Terra and Josiane dos Santos.

 

Ana's work focuses on issues related to agrarian reform in Brazil, conducting research on the Landless Workers' Movement. She currently leads the National Secretariat of Supply, Cooperativism, and Food Sovereignty at the Ministry of Agricultural Development (MDA). Josiane, the daughter of a smallholder farmer settled through agrarian reform, holds a degree in Financial Management. She currently serves as the Coordinator of Productive Chains at the Secretariat of Supply, Cooperativism, and Food Sovereignty within the Ministry of Agricultural Development (MDA), where she works to strengthen family farming and promote food security in Brazil.

 

Ana’s lecture highlights the historical and structural dimensions of Brazil's agrarian issues, urging a critical examination of the plantation-based model and its enduring impact on the country’s agricultural landscape. She underscores the centrality of food sovereignty, family farming, and agrarian reform as pathways to counteract the exclusionary practices of agribusiness. Drawing from her extensive academic and professional background, Ana frames her discussion around three key areas: Brazil’s agrarian history, the role of family and peasant agriculture, and the challenges to consolidating food sovereignty in the context of global capitalism and the climate crisis. Her presentation explores how addressing these challenges requires policies that promote access to land, sustainable production methods, and the empowerment of rural communities, who remain vital to Brazil’s food systems despite systemic inequities.

 

Josiane’s lecture builds on these themes by examining the transformative potential of agroecology and public policies aimed at strengthening family farming. She emphasizes programs like the Food Acquisition Program (PAA) and the National School Feeding Program (PNAE) as critical tools for ensuring food security and market stability for small producers. Josiane highlights the role of cooperatives, social movements like the MST, and community-based initiatives in fostering sustainable agricultural practices, knowledge exchange, and territorial resilience.

Indigenous Movements of Southern Bahia, Brazil

LECTURE: Juliana Tupinambá

The second lecture of the series is entitled ‘Indigenous Movements of Southern Bahia, Brazil’ featuring Juliana Tupinambá, an Indigenous leader of the Tupinambá people of Olivença, Bahia. An educator and geographer, She holds a Master's degree in Social Anthropology from the University of Brasília and is currently a PhD candidate in Social Anthropology at the same university.
 

Juliana Tupinambá’s lecture centers on the resilience of the Tupinambá people of Olivença and their struggles for territorial demarcation and recognition. She highlights the historical violence of colonization, including ethnocide and dispossession, and connects these injustices to contemporary challenges, such as land invasions and biased policies. Juliana emphasizes the cultural significance of Tupinambá traditions, the importance of reclaiming ancestral lands, and the broader role Indigenous territories play in climate justice and environmental conservation. Her message underscores the urgent need for historical reparations and collective efforts to protect Indigenous rights and preserve humanity's future.

The Territorial Struggle for the Conservation of the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil

LECTURER: Dione Torquato

The third lecture of the series is entitled ‘The Territorial Struggle for the Conservation of the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil’ featuring Dione Torquato, the General Secretary of the National Council for Extractivist Populations (CNS), a national organization that keeps the legacy of Chico Mendes alive and brings together several communities from the amazonian forest.

Dione’s lecture focuses on the territorial struggles of traditional and local communities in Brazil and their vital role in conserving the Amazon. Drawing from his background as a rubber-tapper and Secretary-General of the National Rubber Tappers' Council, Dione emphasizes the need to protect traditional territories from land-grabbing and environmental degradation. He highlights the intrinsic connection between these communities and the forest, advocating for inclusive policies, sustainable development, and respect for traditional ways of life as essential for combating climate change and ensuring socio-environmental justice.

The Protection of Territorial Rights of Traditional Peoples and Communities in Brazil and the Role of the Federal Public Prosecutor's Office (MPF)

LECTURER: Wilson Rocha

The fourth lecture of the series is entitled ‘Protecting Traditional Peoples and their Territorial Rights: The Role of the Federal Prosecutor’s Office’ featuring Wilson Rocha, a Federal Prosecutor with a Master's degree in History from the Federal University of Goiás and a Master's degree in Constitutional Law from the University of Seville in Spain. He currently serves as the Executive Director of the Territórios Vivos Project, a Voluntary Geographic Information System (VGIS) designed to collect self-declared data on the territories of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities in Brazil.

Wilson’s lecture examines the role of Brazil’s Federal Public Ministry in protecting the territorial rights of traditional peoples and communities. He highlights the historical context of colonization, racism, and land dispossession that continues to shape Brazil’s legal framework. He highlights the innovative use of the Traditional Territories Platform, a tool developed to support self-declaration of territories by Indigenous, quilombola, and other traditional communities. This platform aims to address the slow pace of official land demarcation and the vulnerabilities it creates in Brazil. By advocating for self-declaration, Wilson emphasizes the connection between ethnicity, culture, and territory while seeking to advance public recognition and legal security for these communities in face of systemic challenges and land disputes. Wilson argues that traditional peoples and communities represent civilizational alternatives, offering sustainable and equitable ways of living that challenge dominant paradigms and provide vital insights for humanity's future.

Quilombola Audiovisual Production in Brazil

LECTURER: FABIO MARTINS

The fifth lecture of the series is entitled ‘Quilombola (Maroon) Audiovisual Production in Brazil’ featuring Fabio Martins, a filmmaker and musician from the Quilombo do Campinho in Paraty, Brazil. He studied cinema and has been involved in independent film groups active in social movements. He directed the short film “Paraty, Land of Black People”, which was awarded by the National Arts Foundation (Funarte). Currently, he is in post-production on multiple feature films, such as Pedra do Sino, Umbanda - Brazil in Trance, and Agudás - Passengers of Memory.
 

Fábio’s lecture explores the intersection of Afro-Brazilian identity, cultural resistance, and cinema as a tool for reclaiming ancestral narratives. He recounts the history of Quilombo do Campinho, his matriarchal quilombola community, and the struggles for land rights faced by quilombola and Afro-diasporic peoples in Brazil. Through his films, like Agudás, Fábio challenges the narrative beginning with slavery, instead focusing on pre-colonial African histories and connections. His work celebrates Afro-Brazilian culture as acts of “re-volt,” or circles of resistance and healing, emphasizing the importance of reconnecting with African heritage to transform trauma into resilience and empowerment.

Contemporary Indigenous Cultural and Artistic Production in Brazil

LECTURERS: Caio Dutra and Priscila Tapajowara

The sixth lecture of the series is entitled ‘Contemporary Indigenous Cultural and Artistic Production in Brazil’ featuring Caio Dutra and Priscila Tapajowara. Caio Dutra started the cultural occupation movement in the Setor Comercial Sul in Brasília and is the producer of the 'Festival Brasil É Terra Indígena', currently the largest festival of Indigenous culture and art in Brazil. Priscila Tapajowara is from the Tapajó people in the Brazilian Amazon. She is an indigenous activist, climate activist, photographer, producer of audiovisual content and co-coordinator of Mídia Indígena.

Caio’s lecture emphasizes the transformative power of culture in addressing contemporary challenges such as climate change and urban marginalization. Drawing from his experience as a cultural producer in Brasília, he highlighted initiatives like the Brazil is Indigenous Land Festival, which connects indigenous artistry and environmental advocacy. Caio underscored the role of cultural expression as a catalyst for social awareness and change, using art and technology to amplify indigenous voices and promote the preservation of Brazilian biomes. His presentation calls for society to embrace culture as a vital tool for fostering environmental consciousness and combating disinformation.

Priscila’s lecture focuses on the intersection of indigenous activism, art, and environmental justice. She shared her work with Mídia Índia, a collective empowering indigenous communities through media training to document and denounce territorial invasions and environmental degradation. Priscila highlighted the Brazil is Indigenous Land Festival as a platform for showcasing indigenous culture and resistance, blending traditional and contemporary art forms. Her presentation reinforces the importance of preserving the Amazon’s ecosystems, linking cultural survival to the defense of ancestral lands and advocating for global solidarity in the fight against climate change.

The Protection of Territorial Rights of Traditional Peoples and Communities in Brazil and the Role of the Federal Public Prosecutor's Office (MPF)
Quilombola Audiovisual Production in Brazil
Contemporary Indigenous Cultural and Artistic Production in Brazil

The use of GIS tools for conservation in the Brazilian Amazon: The Yanomami people experience

LECTURES: Estevão Senra

The seventh lecture of the series is entitled ‘The use of GIS tools for conservation in the Brazilian Amazon: The Yanomami people experience’ featuring Estevão Senra, geographer, holds a Master’s degree in Human Geography and a PhD in Sustainable Development. Since 2013, he has collaborated with the Yanomami on territorial management and monitoring projects. He is currently a senior researcher at the NGO Instituto Socioambiental.

Estevão’s lecture highlights the role of technical cooperation in strengthening Indigenous territorial protection. Drawing from his experience as a geographer working in an NGO with Yanomami Indigenous organizations since 2013, he emphasizes the importance of supporting local initiatives against illegal mining through tools such as GIS mapping, aerial overflights, drone imaging, radar data, and digital alert systems. Over time, this work has evolved toward a model of collaborative monitoring, led by those who live in the territory, fostering autonomy and strengthening local capacity. He also underscores the strategic use of these technologies to produce well-founded cases and evidence that support legal actions and media engagement, aiming to pressure the government to fulfill its responsibilities. Throughout, Estevão stresses that such tools must be grounded in local realities and built through long-term trust and cooperation with Indigenous organizations.

Quilombola Territorial Rights and Environmental Protection in Brazil

LECTURE: Mônica Borges

The eighth and final lecture of the series is entitled ‘Quilombola Territorial Rights and Environmental Protection in Brazil’ featuring Mônica Borges, a quilombola from the Territory of Itamatatiua/Alcântara in Brazil. She is a lawyer specialized in quilombola law from UFPA. She currently serves as Director of the Directorate of Quilombola Territories at the National Institute for Colonization and Agrarian Reform.
 

Mônica Borges’ lecture highlights the struggles and contributions of quilombola communities to environmental and climate justice in Brazil. Drawing from her experience as a quilombola leader and public official, Borges emphasizes the inseparability of racial and ecological struggles, framing traditional communities as spaces of resistance against colonial legacies and the modernity built upon two fractures: the separation between colonizer and colonized, and between humans and nature. She underscores that environmental justice in quilombola communities is not merely a theoretical framework but a lived practice rooted in ancestral relationships with the land and sustainable resource management. In this sense, true environmental justice must account for historical injustices and be grounded in traditional knowledge. Borges also outlines key strategies employed by quilombola movements, including land titling, political participation, and international advocacy, while detailing recent Brazilian government initiatives to strengthen public policies for traditional communities.

The use of GIS tools for conservation in the Brazilian Amazon: The Yanomami people experience
Quilombola Territorial Rights and Environmental Protection in Brazil

Behner Stiefel Center for Brazilian Studies

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